Abstract
This study investigated the photovoltaic properties and microstructure of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an ITO/SnO₂/perovskite/HTL/Au electrode configuration, developed with varying sintering temperatures (100~200°C). The goal was to use SnO₂ ink as the electron transport layer (ETL) by low-temperature sintering. TGA-DTA analysis was conducted to determine the optimum sintering temperature..... More

Abstract
A porous ZrFe alloy specimen was prepared as a 6 × 3 mm (diameter × thickness) disk. The reaction of the ZrFe alloy was confirmed while the whole system was maintained at a target temperature, which was increased from 150 ^oC to 950 ^oC in a 99.999% low purity nitrogen..... More

Abstract
The properties of 6 mM urea added perovskite solar cells (PSCs) according to ZrO₂ electron transport layer (ETL) thicknesses of 204, 221, 254, and 281 nm were examined. A solar simulator was used to characterize the photovoltaic properties of the cell. Optical microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope were..... More

Abstract
The properties and H₂O adsorption characteristics of two types of zeolites (3A and 13X) with the same shape but different element composition were identified. These zeolites are used in gas purification processes to manufacture 9N ultra-pure inert gases for semiconductor process applications. To analyze the shape and microstructure of the..... More

Abstract
A stripping solution with thiourea, iron(III) sulfate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) was employed to strip Ni-based 14 karat white gold alloys, and the formation of the NiS byproduct and elimination of passivation were investigated in the presence of 0.0-0.2 g/L SDS. White gold alloy samples with a flat shape were..... More

Abstract
The photovoltaic properties of TiO₂/ZrO₂ double electron transport layered perovskite solar cells were investigated based on the ZrO₂ layer thickness. Samples were fabricated with a glass/FTO/TiO₂/ZrO₂/ perovskite structure. The TiO2/ZrO₂ layer thickness ratio was confirmed to be 264/0, 228/168, 228/204, 270/242, and 282/288 nm, respectively, using an electron probe microanalyzer...... More

Abstract
The photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were investigated by adding graphene oxide (GO) to the electron transport layer of TiO₂. The PSCs were fabricated with a glass/FTO/BL-TiO₂/meso-TiO₂ + GO/perovskite/HTL/Au electrode structure by adding various contents of GO (0.0, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 wt%) to the TiO₂ layer. To..... More

Abstract
Changes in the properties of the hole transport layer (HTL) and the perovskite layer in a perovskite solar sell (PSC) were observed under various Au thermal evaporation conditions. We employed a conventional thermal evaporator with a distance of 30 cm between the source and substrate in a vacuum of 6..... More

Abstract
We have investigated the properties of nickel silicides as catalysts for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) by preparing several nickel silicide layers with a 100 nm-Ni/Si (100) structure using silicidation annealing for 30 minutes at 300 ℃ – 900 ℃. X-ray diffraction (XRD), four-point probe, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM),..... More

Optical Devices & Energy Materials

Abstract
Cobalt silicide was used as a counter electrode to replace the Pt catalytic layer of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) device. 100 nm Si/ 100 nm Co on quartz was formed by sputtering and cobalt-silicides were formed by vacuum heat treatment at 500 ℃ and 700 ℃ for 30 min,..... More

Abstract
Nickel silicide was used as a counter electrode to replace the Pt catalytic layer of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) device. 50 nm Si/ 50 nm Ni was formed on glass or quartz by sputtering, and nickel silicides were formed by vacuum heat treatments at 450 and 800 ℃ for..... More